September 2026 – The 1864 Two-Cent Piece – America’s First “In God We Trust” Coin

Some coins are remembered for their rarity. Others are remembered for changing history. The 1864 Two-Cent Piece did both.

Introduced during the darkest days of the Civil War, the Two-Cent Piece was created to help relieve a nationwide shortage of coins. As Americans hoarded gold, silver, and even copper cents, everyday commerce became difficult. The new bronze Two-Cent Piece was authorized by Congress on April 22, 1864, to provide much-needed small change. (coinweek.com⁠)

What makes this coin truly historic, however, is the inscription that appears above the shield on the obverse: IN GOD WE TRUST. The 1864 Two-Cent Piece was the first United States coin to bear this now-familiar motto. Its inclusion was inspired by the strong religious sentiment that swept the nation during the Civil War. After receiving a letter from Pennsylvania minister Reverend Mark R. Watkinson urging that God be acknowledged on the nation’s coinage, Treasury Secretary Salmon P. Chase instructed Mint officials to develop an appropriate motto. Chief Engraver James B. Longacre ultimately chose the words “In God We Trust,” creating a phrase that has appeared on American coins ever since. (Wikipedia⁠)

Longacre’s design is rich in symbolism. The Union shield represents national strength and unity, while the crossed arrows behind it signify readiness to defend the nation. Laurel branches symbolize victory, an especially meaningful message as the Civil War continued. On the reverse, the denomination 2 CENTS is surrounded by a simple wheat wreath that gives the coin an elegant, uncluttered appearance. (Wikipedia⁠)

Collectors are especially interested in the two varieties of the 1864 issue. Early in production, the Mint struck a limited number with a Small Motto, which is considerably scarcer. Later that year, the motto was enlarged, creating the much more common Large Motto variety. Finding and comparing these two varieties is a favorite challenge for Two-Cent Piece enthusiasts. (coinweek.com⁠)

Although the denomination was minted for only ten years (1864–1873), its influence far outlasted its circulation. The Coinage Act of 1865 authorized the use of “In God We Trust” on other U.S. coins, and over time the motto became a permanent feature of American coinage. Today, while the Two-Cent Piece is often overlooked by beginning collectors, it occupies a unique place in numismatic history as the coin that introduced one of America’s most recognizable national mottos. (Wikipedia⁠)

Collector’s Corner

An attractive 1864 Large Motto example can often be purchased for under $50, making it one of the most affordable Civil War-era coins. The 1864 Small Motto variety is much scarcer and highly sought after, making it a prized addition to many advanced collections. (coinweek.com⁠)